I see no red flag.
A much needed discussion about how you felt during that debate, yes. But a red flag no.
There are topics that DH and I could burn a house down in disagreement with each other, but at the end of the day we love and respect each others different views and learn from them.
For the most part I agree with the above post. Dh said something the other day that I thought was sooo stupid. I checked him on it, then I let it go, but it was hard, I kinda really wanted to go in on him. But I love him, it just wasn't worth ruining the weekend over. Then the next day I said something that he thought was stupid and he let it go. You have to let him know that you won't have a man that talks too aggressively with you but that means you have to not be too aggressive either and fall back if a convo gets too heated. If he doesn't have a problem being too aggressive with you then that is a red flag. My belief is that men should treat women like ladies.
I think you two are going to have to sit down and come to an agreement on two things:
1. That you two can agree to disagree and that you will not fight to the death on anything. What's the point? You have to find a way to disagree in a respectful manner. I taught my dh long ago that I am always treated differently and special, you don't talk to me any old kind of way.
2. Can you come to an agreement on your religious views? Will you go to church together? Will you celebrate Easter and Christmas together? How would you raise children? Does he think you are an idiot for not thinking the way he does? That ultimately may be the crux of it all. You simply may not be able to have a long-term relationship because your views may not be compatible and there may not be any common-ground.
Y'all just need to really talk, especially if you are looking for a long-term relationship. And because your views are unique, you may want to have this kind of discussion early on with most guys. Not a debate either, but a this is my view on religion, what is yours? That may save you some heartache. I do think his views are a bit harsh and well, ridiculous, but if the other 90% of him is great, you really may not care, especially if he can learn to shut up.